Basic Characteristics of Roof Insulation
1. Thermal Performance:
The type and thickness of the insulating material determines the thermal performance of the construction element. The applied solution, as well as the energy efficiency design of each building, define the thickness and the technical characteristics of the insulation material to be applied.
2. Mechanical Strength:
The roof may carry both static and dynamic loads, as well as point or uniformly distributed loads. The electromechanical appliances accomodated on the roof are considered static point loads, whereas snow loads are dynamic uniformly distributed loads. The movement of people or machines on the roof's surface are considered dynamic loads.
3. Resistance to Wind Uplift Loads:
An issue to be carefully considered when designing roof structrures is the uplift of their finishing or even their insulation layer due to wind pressure. The cautious study of such phenomena at the design stage, as well as the sufficient fixing of the subsequent layers during construction, are crucial for its safe and efficient performance.
4. Resistance to solar radiation:
Solar radiation raises signficantly the cooling loads of a building during the summer months. Further, UV rays accelerate the aging of construction materials, especially of membranes.
5. Resistance to fire:
Roof structures ought to comply with fire regulations. Especially in logistics facilities and public buildings, the structure's fire resistance is of utmost significance.
6. Acoustic properties:
The roof's sound behaviour is crucial when particular certifications have to be satisfied. Moreover, protection from the sound of rain is necessary when metal roof claddings are used.
7. Vapour transmission control:
Vapour condensation takes place due to the temperature differences between the finished surface of the roof externally and the ceiling underside internally. The prevention of such phenomena should be seriously considered from the design stage.
8. Aesthetics:
The aesthetics and finishes of the roof surface acquire even further significance when this is designed as a habitable floor for the building's users.
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